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Chemical Properties

Sodium acetate trihydrate is the trihydrate sodium salt oaf acetic acid. It is a colorless, odorless crystals that can be weathered in the air. Soluble in water and ether, pH of 0.1M aqueous solution is 8.9. moderately soluble in ethanol, 5.3 g/100mL. Anhydrous Sodium acetate occurs as colorless, transparent crystals or a granular crystalline powder with a slight acetic acid odor.

Preparation

Sodium acetate is prepared by reacting sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate with acetic acid in aqueous solution. The solution is evaporated to obtain hydrated crystals of sodium acetate. NaOH + CH3COOH → CH3COONa + H2O Na2CO3 + CH3COOH → 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O

General Description

Sodium acetate trihydrate is a crystalline compound obtained through the crystallization of sodium acetate in water.

Sodium acetate trihydrate plays a versatile role in buffering systems, nucleic acid purification, protein crystallization, and various industrial applications, showcasing its significance in chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and food preservation.

sed as a buffer in the pH range of 4.0 to 6.0.
Employed in the purification and precipitation of nucleic acids.
Utilized in protein crystallization.
Acts as a mordant dyeing agent and in chrome tanning.
Functions as a neutralizer in waste streams containing sulfuric acid.
Used in the textile industry and as a photoresist with aniline dyes.
Retards vulcanization of chloroprene in synthetic rubber production.
Serves as a precursor for ester preparation from alkyl halide.
Applications in photography, food additives, glucose purification, meat preservation, and tanning.
Acts as a dehydrating agent.
Commonly used in analytical chemistry to prepare buffer solutions.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT) is a phase change material (PCM) that can be easily combined with the preparation of domestic hot water, space heating, solar heating, and radiant floor heating systems. The hydrated salt of SAT possesses high latent heat density and thus can be used for low-temperature heat storage.

Safety

Sodium acetate is widely used in cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceutical formulations, and is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritant material. A short-term feeding study in chickens with a diet supplemented with 5.44% sodium acetate showed reduced growth rates that were attributed to the sodium content.(9) Sodium acetate is poisonous if injected intravenously, is moderately toxic by ingestion, and is an irritant to the skin and eyes. LD50 (rat, oral): 3.53 g/kg LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.38 g/kg LD50 (mouse, SC): 8.0 g/kg

storage

Sodium acetate should be stored in airtight containers.

Incompatibilities

Sodium acetate reacts with acidic and basic components. It will react violently with fluorine, potassium nitrate, and diketene.

Regulatory Status

GRAS listed. Accepted as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (injections, nasal, otic, ophthalmic, and oral preparations).